Shelf 05 · Industry

Labs, companies and the law

The hobby scene runs on headbands and Python. Meanwhile the platform companies have started treating neural signals as an input like touch and voice.
Who is building what

Companies

Valve · OpenBCI · Tobii

Galea

OpenBCI's multi-sensor headset, built with Valve and Tobii to work alongside the Valve Index. Gabe Newell has called BCIs something every game developer should be thinking about now.

Road to VR coverage
Implants · research

Starfish Neuroscience

Gabe Newell's separate neurotech company, working on a tiny electrophysiology chip for future wireless implants. Medical research, not a gaming headset. Don't confuse it with Galea.

What Starfish has built
Apple · Synchron

BCI as a native input

In May 2025 Apple announced a BCI Human Interface Device protocol. Synchron's implanted Stentrode was the first to use it, with native control of iPhone, iPad and Apple Vision Pro for people with paralysis.

Synchron announcement
Meta

Neural Band

Surface EMG at the wrist, shipped with Ray-Ban Display in September 2025. Not a brain reader, but the clearest sign yet that neural-signal input is coming to XR.

UploadVR hands-on
Snap

NextMind acquisition

Snap bought the Paris visual-BCI startup in 2022 for AR glasses research and discontinued the developer kit, which cut off a promising VR hobby platform.

TechCrunch report
Your brain, your data

Neural data privacy laws

A headset that streams your EEG to an app is collecting some of the most personal data there is. Three US states now protect it explicitly, and at least fifteen more bills are pending.

In force August 2024

Colorado

HB 24-1058 made neural data sensitive data under the Colorado Privacy Act, the first state law of its kind.

In force January 2025

California

SB 1223 extended the California Consumer Privacy Act's protections to neural data.

In force October 2025

Montana

SB 163 brought neurotechnology data under the state's Genetic Information Privacy Act.

Listen

Voices of VR

Episode 996

Galea and neuro-privacy

OpenBCI on the Valve collaboration, and what it means to put this many biometric sensors on a consumer's face.

Listen
Episode 365

Democratising neuroscience

OpenBCI's early vision, and using biofeedback to adapt VR content to the person inside it.

Listen